透波性Si3N4陶瓷铣削加工表面边缘破损实验研究

针对透波性Si_3N_4陶瓷铣削加工过程中易出现边缘破损现象,通过不同铣削深度实验研究了边缘破损类型、产生位置以及切深对边缘破损影响,并分析了边缘破损产生机理,最后提出了边缘破损控制方法。结果表明:当切深为0.4~0.8 mm时,边缘破损主要集中于出口棱边和入刀侧边;且脆性域加工过程中随着切深的增加,边缘破损程度呈现增大趋势;降低切深至≤0.3 mm且采用跟随周边走刀方式,并保证入刀处刀尖线速度方向与进给方向夹角不小于90°,可以有效控制边缘破损。研究为提高透波性Si_3N_4陶瓷铣削加工表面质量提供了技术支撑。     

微波烧结制备MoSi2 及SiC/ MoSi2 纳米复合陶瓷

采用微波烧结法制备了MoSi2和10vol%SiC/MoSi2纳米复合陶瓷。通过SiC预加热体的混合式加热法和合理的保温结构设计,实现了MoSi2低温阶段的快速升温,提高了温度均匀性。密度和力学性能测试结果表明,1 450℃保温60 min烧结工艺下,MoSi2试样的相对密度达到93.4%,断裂韧度4.5 MPa.m1/2,维氏硬度为10.53 GPa,弯曲强度为186 MPa。10vol%SiC/MoSi2试样尽管相对密度下降为90.3%,但各项力学性能均优于MoSi2试样。相比1 650℃热压烧结,微波烧结温度降低了200℃,MoSi2和SiC/MoSi2试样致密性有所下降,但力学性能有较大提高,尤其是MoSi2试样。断口扫描分析表明,微波烧结试样相对热压烧结试样基体晶粒更细,孔隙细小且分布均匀;SiC/MoSi2试样微波烧结的晶粒细化效果不如MoSi2明显。     

Thermomechanical coupling effect on characteristics of oxide film during ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID grinding ZTA ceramics

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID (UVA-ELID) grinding is utilized as a novel and highly efficient processing method for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics. In this study, the UVA-ELID grinding ZTA ceramics is employed to investigate the influence of thermomechanical loading on the characteristics of oxide film. Based on the fracture mechanics of material, the model of internal stress for oxide film damage is proposed. The thermomechanical loading is composed of mechanical force and the thermal stress generating from grinding temperature. The theoretical model is established for the mechanical force, thermal stress and internal stress respectively. Then the finite element analysis method is used to simulate the theoretical model. The mechanical force and grinding temperature is measured during the actual grinding test. During the grinding process, the effect of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth on the thermomechanical force and the characteristics of oxide film is analyzed. Compared with the conventional ELID (C-ELID) grinding, the mechanical force decreased by 25.6% and 22.4% with the increase of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth respectively, and the grinding temperature declined by 10.7% and 12.8% during the UVA-ELID grinding. The thermal stress in the latter decreased by 16.3% and 20.8% respectively, and internal stress reduced by 12.3% and 15.6%. It was experimentally found that the topographies of oxide layer on the surface of the wheel and the machined surface in the latter was better than that in the former. The results indicate that the action of ultrasonic vibration establish a significant effect on the processing. Subsequently, it should be well considered for future reference when processing the ZTA ceramics.     

高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料研究进展

随着军事和科技的发展,热障涂层应用技术已成为现代国防尖端技术中最重要的技术之一.而高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料具有高温相稳定性、超低热导率、耐腐蚀性强、热膨胀系数和断裂韧性较高等优点,可为高温合金基底提供良好的热防护,在航空航天、航海和核能等领域有重要的应用前景.对国内外已报道的高熵热障涂层陶瓷候选材料进行系统性分类总结,重点...     

低速风洞试验模型振动主动控制技术

风洞试验悬臂梁结构的尾部模型支撑系统在风载激励下会产生振动,振动会威胁试验安全,影响试验结果。为抑制模型及支撑系统振动,本文研究了一种主动抑振控制系统并取得应用。其中,抑振系统执行机构采用压电材料,控制系统采用自适应内模控制算法。对自适应内模控制算法的结构和工作原理进行了分析,介绍了训练模式下模型参数辨识和试验模式下控制参数的自适应调整过程,建立了基于自适应内模控制算法的控制系统。在地面模拟台采用信号发生器模拟系统激励,作为控制系统输入,验证了控制算法。结合风洞试验,在实际工况下验证了系统的控制效果。结果表明,采用基于自适应内模控制算法的振动主动控制系统,可以将模型振动减小70%以上。     

氮化硅陶瓷切削仿真与实验

针对金刚石砂轮磨粒尺寸、形状的不规则性和空间位置不确定性的特点,采用球坐标中随机点产生的空间平面切分实体和截角多面体相结合的方法,并考虑氮化硅陶瓷工件的磨削亚表面形貌和裂纹损伤,建立了截角多面体磨粒和含有典型裂纹的工件模型。进行单颗磨粒切削氮化硅陶瓷的有限元仿真和实验,结果表明:磨削加工和数值仿真的磨削力值变化趋势相同,差值小于8%,切削力随砂轮转速增大而减小、随工件速度和切削深度增大而增大,而切削深度对切削力的影响程度最大。     

天线罩用宽频透波材料的发展现状

综述了天线罩用宽频透波材料的发展现状,分析了影响透波材料性能的因素,系统讨论了宽频透波天线罩的制备方法.研究指出介电性能是评价材料透波性能的一个重要标准,选用低介电材料和提高材料孔隙率可实现材料宽频透波,新的介质材料的开发和研究将是今后天线罩制造技术发展的一个主要发展方向.     

陶瓷材料的微波烧结机理探讨

本文根据部分陶瓷材料的微波烧结实验结果和微波加热的特点，对陶瓷材料的微观结构进行了分类，分析了电场在不同结构中的分布特点。提出了微波加热的微区温度梯度模式，以及微波连接的液相连接方式，并据之对实验结果给出了合理的分析和解释。     

飞机电热防冰用BaTiO3热敏陶瓷力学性能的改进

飞机电热防冰系统用ＢａＴｉＯ３基ＰＴＣ热敏陶瓷材料要求有低电阻及优良的ＰＴＣ效应，同时有良好的力学性能。本文叙述了在ＢａＴｉＯ３为基的ＰＴＣ材料中，通过配方组成设计及先进的工艺制备手段，获得了居里温度５０℃，室温体电阻率８０Ω·ｃｍ，ＰＴＣ效应１０６数量级，耐电压２４０Ｖ／ｍｍ，断裂韧性ＫＩＣ１９．１４ＭＮ／ｍ３／２，冲击韧性２．６Ｊ／ｃｍ２，抗弯强度１０８ＭＰａ，综合性能优良的ＰＴＣ材料。初步实验表明，该发热体陶瓷具有较强的防冰和化冰能力。     

Porous Alumina Ceramics Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Porous alumina of regular spherical particles was fabricated with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) and then compared to those ob-tained through conventional hot pressing (HP). The effects of the parameters of the heating process on porosity were also investigated. Microstructural studies suggest that porous ingots including regular pores be made out of regular spherical alumina particles due to the close sphere packages. A comparative study on the relative necks of the specimens produced by SPS and HP indicates an enhancement of neck growth with SPS. Contrasting the theoretical values to the experimental results over the relative necks indicates that a proper relationship between the relative necks and the porosity can be established by a sintering model.